Why the HPV Vaccine is Crucial for Men Too

Joseph Anya

Clinical Ops

When most people think of the HPV vaccine, they often associate it with protecting women against cervical cancer. But here's a fact that isn’t talked about enough: the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a widespread infection that affects both men and women, and it can lead to serious health issues for everyone. In fact, men are just as susceptible to the complications associated with HPV, making vaccination for boys and men equally important. So, why is the HPV vaccine so crucial for men? Let’s dive deeper into this topic.

Understanding HPV

HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that nearly 80% of people will contract HPV at some point in their lives. There are over 100 strains of HPV, some of which cause visible symptoms like genital warts, while others can lead to cancers of the anus, throat, and penis in men. Most people infected with HPV don’t show symptoms and clear the virus on their own, but some strains can persist and result in severe health problems. Because the virus is transmitted through intimate skin-to-skin contact, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex, virtually anyone who is sexually active can be at risk, regardless of gender.

HPV-Related Health Risks in Men

HPV is commonly known for causing cervical cancer in women, but men can develop serious health issues from the virus as well, including:

Genital Warts
Genital warts, which appear as small bumps on the genital area, are one of the most noticeable outcomes of an HPV infection. While not life-threatening, they can cause significant emotional and psychological distress.
Oropharyngeal Cancer
One of the fastest-growing HPV-related cancers in men is oropharyngeal cancer, which affects the back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils. According to recent studies, HPV is now responsible for more cases of oropharyngeal cancer in men than cervical cancer in women.
Penile Cancer
Though rare, penile cancer is another potential complication of HPV in men. Certain strains of the virus increase the risk of developing this cancer, particularly in men with weakened immune systems.
Anal Cancer
Men, especially those who engage in receptive anal sex, are at a higher risk of developing anal cancer. This cancer has been linked to HPV in over 90% of cases.

Given these health risks, it’s clear that HPV is not just a “women’s issue” and should be taken seriously by men as well.

The Role of the HPV Vaccine

The HPV vaccine, commonly known under brand names like Gardasil and Cervarix, is a powerful tool for preventing HPV infections and the subsequent complications in both men and women. Here’s why it’s crucial for men to get vaccinated too:

Protect Against Genital Warts and Cancers
The HPV vaccine protects against the most harmful strains of the virus, including those that cause genital warts and HPV-related cancers. By getting vaccinated, men can significantly lower their risk of developing genital warts, penile cancer, anal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer.
Prevent Transmission to Partners
Men can unknowingly transmit HPV to their sexual partners, increasing their partners’ risk of developing HPV-related health problems, such as cervical cancer in women. By getting vaccinated, men not only protect themselves but also reduce the spread of HPV to their partners, promoting the health of both parties.
Early Vaccination = Higher Effectiveness
The vaccine is most effective when given before an individual becomes sexually active and potentially exposed to the virus. This is why the CDC recommends that boys and girls receive the HPV vaccine around the age of 11 or 12, before they start engaging in sexual activity. However, it is still beneficial for older adolescents and young adults up to age 26 to get vaccinated if they haven’t already.
The Growing Threat of Oropharyngeal Cancer in Men
Studies show that oropharyngeal cancer, linked to HPV, is on the rise in men, making the vaccine a crucial preventive measure. Without vaccination, it’s expected that HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer in men could surpass the rates of cervical cancer in women within the next decade.

Addressing Common Misconceptions

Many misconceptions exist around the need for men to get vaccinated against HPV. Some people believe that HPV is only a concern for women or that it’s too late to get vaccinated if someone is already sexually active. Here’s why these beliefs are incorrect:

“HPV only affects women.”
This is a dangerous myth. Men are at risk of developing several types of cancer and genital warts due to HPV, making vaccination equally essential for them.
“I’m too old to get the vaccine.”
While the vaccine is most effective when administered at a younger age, men up to age 26 are still recommended to get vaccinated if they missed it earlier. Even older men (age 27-45) can benefit from the vaccine if they are at risk of new HPV infections.
“I’m in a monogamous relationship, so I don’t need the vaccine.”
HPV can remain dormant for years before causing symptoms, and it’s possible to contract the virus even in monogamous relationships if either partner was exposed before the relationship began. The vaccine can still offer valuable protection.

Promoting Vaccination for Men

Increasing HPV vaccination rates among boys and men should be a public health priority. When more men get vaccinated, we achieve herd immunity, reducing the overall prevalence of the virus and protecting those who may not have been vaccinated. Encouraging boys and men to receive the vaccine can lead to a significant reduction in the burden of HPV-related diseases for both men and women.

Don’t Wait—Get Protected Today

The HPV vaccine is a safe, effective way to protect men from a range of health complications associated with HPV. By getting vaccinated, men can protect themselves, their partners, and contribute to a healthier future for everyone. If you or someone you know hasn’t been vaccinated yet, speak with a healthcare professional today to learn more about getting the HPV vaccine. Prevention is always better than cure, and when it comes to HPV, vaccination is the best preventive measure available.

If you live in Nigeria and are considering getting the HPV vaccine to protect yourself or a loved one from serious health risks like genital warts and certain cancers, click here to get yours.

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